Concentration of stresses near the hole in contact with rigid cylinder in composite plate, taking into account lateral clearances

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2021.5.2.243744

Keywords:

bolted joints, clearance between bolt and hole, stress concentration factor, polymer composite material

Abstract

Problems. When designing bolted joints (BJ), it is necessary, in particular, to carry out their verification calculations for strength.  At the same time, it is desirable to use express analysis: calculations by simple formulas of sufficient accuracy. For BJ of plates made of layered polymer composite materials (PCM), the problem has not yet been solved.

The aim of the study. The task is to test the accuracy of three known formulas for quick calculation of the value of the stress concentration factor (SCF) in zone of contact of bolt-hole with a rigid cylinder (bolt). The study was carried out on contrasting examples of materials and schemes of reinforcement of plates made of PСM, taking into account possible clearance between bolt and hole in the real range: from zero to 1% of diameter.

Methodology of implementation. Numerical calculations were made using the finite element method (contact problem) for the BJ of plates made of layered PCM. 3D orthotropy of each monolayer was provided. Three simple formulas of express analysis were tested. The results are summarized in the tables and many illustrations are given.

Research results. Numerical estimates of depending of the SCF in zone of the surface of the bolt-hole from considered factors are obtained.  The factors are the material characteristics, the schemes of reinforcement of plates made of layered PСM and the values of the clearance between bolt and hole in the plates, as well as the accuracy of the considered formulas.

Conclusions. Changing the material and the scheme of reinforcement of plate made of layered PСM leads to a significant change in the values ​​of maximum stresses and SCF in zone of the bolt-loaded hole in the weakened by hole cross section of a plate. Considered formulas of the express analysis have insufficient accuracy for consideration of contrast properties of materials and schemes of reinforcement of a plate. Changing size of clearance between bolt and hole in the range from zero to 1% of the diameter leads to relatively small changes in SCF: up to 10% maximum. Additional research is needed.

References

  1. Space engineering: Structural materials handbook. Part 2: Design calculation methods and general design aspects, 2011. Available: http://www.ecss.nl/wp-content/uploads/handbooks/ecss-e-hb/ECSS-E-HB-32-20_Part2A.pdf.
  2. E. T. Vasilevsky, A. Z. Dveyrin, Ya. S. Karpov and S. P. Krivenda, "Sistema eksperimental'nogo obespecheniya rascheta na prochnost' mekhanicheskikh soyedineniy detaley iz kompozitov", Otkrytyye informatsionnyye i komp'yuternyye integrirovannyye tekhnologii, no. 47, pp. 42–52, 2010.
  3. A. Z. Dveyrin, "Obzor i analiz sostoyaniya problemy raschetno-eksperimental'nogo obespecheniya proyektirovaniya agregatov samoleta iz polimernykh kompozitov s mekhanicheskimi soyedineniyami detaley", Otkrytyye informatsionnyye i komp'yuternyye integrirovannyye tekhnologii, no. 66, pp. 5-19, 2014.
  4. P. M. Gagauz, F. M. Gagauz, Ya. S. Karpov and S. P. Krivenda, Proyektirovaniye i konstruirovaniye izdeliy iz kompozitsionnykh materialov. Teoriya i praktika. Kharkov: NAU im. N. E. Zhukovskogo “KhAI”, 2015, 672 p.
  5. H. J. Grover, Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, NAVAIR-01-1A-13. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, 1966. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21236/AD0660529.
  6. K. Rudakov and Y. Dyfuchyn, “About calculations of net-tension failure of a bolted joint on the weakened by hole cross-section of composite plate”, Mechanics and Advanced Technologies, no. 1(82), pp. 58–66, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2018.82.121050.
  7. G. N. Savin, Mekhanika deformiruyemykh tel: Izbrannyye trudy. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 1979, 465 p.
  8. W. C. Young and R. G. Budynas, Roark's Formulas for Stress and Strain, 7th edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2002, 852 p.
  9. K. L. Johnson, Contact mechanics, 1st ed. Cambridge University Press, 1985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171731.
  10. G. W. Milton, The Theory of Composites, 1st ed. Cambridge University Press, 2002, 719 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511613357.
  11. K. Rudakov, Y. Dyfuchyn and S. Babienko, “Stress concentration factor near loaded hole contacting with the bolt in the monolayer of orthotropic composite material”, Mechanics and Advanced Technologies, no. 1(85), pp. 41-48, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2019.85.155702.
  12. C. Echavarrı´a, P. Haller and A. Salenikovich, “Analytical study of a pin–loaded hole in elastic orthotropic plates”, Composite Structures, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 107–112, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.11.038.
  13. T. De Jong, “Stresses around pin–loaded holes in elastically orthotropic or isotropic plates”, Journal of Composite Materials, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 313–331, 1977. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002199837701100306.
  14. C. Echavarría, H. Cañola and W. Echeverri, “Analysis of bolted ultra-high performance concrete joints”, Lámpsakos, no. 24, pp. 15–22, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21501/21454086.3715.
  15. John H. Crews Jr., C.S. Hong and I. S. Raju, Stress-Concentration Factors for Finite Orthotropic Laminates with a Pin-Loaded Hole, NASA-TP-1862, 1981.
  16. W. D. Pilkey and D. F. Pilkey, Peterson’s Stress Concentration Factors, 3rd edition. John Wiley & Sons, 2007, 522 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470211106.
  17. S. G. Lekhnitskiy, Teoriya uprugosti anizotropnogo tela. Moscow: Nauka, 1977, 416 p.
  18. V. Maslyey and K. Rudakov, “To definition of modules of elasticity of a plate with unidirectional reinforcing height-modules a carbon fibre”, Mechanics and Advanced Technologies, no. 3(87), pp. 7–15, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2019.87.189220.
  19. Y. N. Dyfuchyn and K. N. Rudakov, “Numerical Modelling of Bolted Joints from Composite. The Message 1. Creation of the Mixed 3D-Models”, Journal of Mechanical Engineering NTUU “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, no. 2 (77), pp. 100–107, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2305-9001.2016.77.76975.
  20. K. Rudakov and Y. Dyfuchyn, “Express estimation of stress concentration factor near the hole loaded with a bolt in a plate from a layered polymeric composite material. Impact of monolayers stacking sequence”, Mechanics and Advanced Technologies, no. 1(88), pp. 7–18, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2020.88.200290.
  21. K. Rudakov, S. Babiienko and T. Scherban “Determination of stress concentration factor in the section of the composite plate weakened by the hole, upon contact of the hole with the cylinder”, Mechanics and Advanced Technologies, no. 2(89), pp. 48–54, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2020.89.204546.
  22. K. N. Rudakov, FEMAP 10.2.0. Geometricheskoye i konechno-elementnoye modelirovaniye konstruktsiy. Kyiv: KPI, 2011, 311 p. Available: http://www.cad.dp.ua/stats/FEMAP-102.php.

Published

2021-11-09

How to Cite

[1]
K. Rudakov, Y. Dyfuchyn, and T. Bakhtovarshoiev, “Concentration of stresses near the hole in contact with rigid cylinder in composite plate, taking into account lateral clearances”, Mech. Adv. Technol., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 183–192, Nov. 2021.

Issue

Section

Mechanics