Technology and mechanical properties of reinforced continuous fiber 3D-printed thermoplastic composite

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2023.7.1.266177

Keywords:

additive manufacturing, fused deposition modeling, extruder, polylactid acid, kevlar, composite, mechanical properties

Abstract

Background. Additive technologies based on Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) modeling methods attract a lot of attention from both industry and research groups, which is explained by low investment costs, ease of production, etc. If the processing parameters are correctly selected, products with mechanical properties close to products obtained by traditional technologies can be obtained.

Objective. Practical implementation of the modernized technology for 3D printing of Polylactid Acid (PLA) samples reinforced with continuous Kevlar fiber using the FDM method and determination of their mechanical properties.

Methods is based on experimental and theoretical studies of the limit of tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the composite and includes testing of samples on the SHIMADZU AGS-X testing machine and solving the inverse problem.

Results. Experimental samples of thermoplastic composite (PLA+Kevlar fiber Æ0.3 mm) were tested for tension. It was found that the tensile strength of the reinforced composite compared to the unreinforced one with a Kevlar volume fraction of about 12% increases by 2.38 times, and the modulus of elasticity increases by 1.45 times. With a confidence interval of 0.68, the error of determining the ultimate tensile strength is 3.5%, and the modulus of elasticity is 4.5%. A theoretical dependence was obtained for predicting the modulus of elasticity of thermoplastic composites in the range of changes in the degree of reinforcement up to 15%.

Conclusions. The application of additive technologies based on FDM for 3D printing of thermoplastic composites with increased mechanical properties is substantiated.

Author Biographies

Vladyslav Solovei, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute

Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical, Polymer and Silicate Mechanical Engineering, postgraduate

Anton Karvatskii, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute

Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical, Polymer and Silicate Mechanical Engineering, professor

References

  1. W. M. H. Verbeeten and M. Lorenzo-Bañuelos, “Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of Poly(Lactic Acid): Influence of infill orientation angle”, Additive Manufacturing, vol. 59, part A, p. 103079, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2022.103079.
  2. B. N. Turner, R. Strong and S. A. Gold, “A review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing processes: I. Process design and modeling”, Rapid Prototyp J., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 192–204, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-01-2013-0012.
  3. Y. Zhuang, B. Zou, S. Ding and P. Wang, “Shear and Tensile Behaviors of Fiber-Reinforced Resin Matrix Composites Printed by the FDM Technology”, Coatings, vol. 12, no. 7, p. 1000, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12071000.
  4. S. Rijckaert, L. Daelemans, L. Cardon, M. Boone, W. Van Paepegem and K. De Clerck, “Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Aramid/PETG 3D-Printed Composites with High Fiber Loading through Fused Filament Fabrication”, Polymers, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 298, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14020298.
  5. F. Lupone, E. Padovano, C. Venezia and C. Badini, “Experimental Characterization and Modeling of 3D Printed Continuous Carbon Fibers Composites with Different Fiber Orientation Produced by FFF Process”, Polymers, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 426, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030426.
  6. J. Singh, R. Singh and S. Sharma, “Effect of processing parameters on mechanical properties of FDM filament prepared on single screw extruder”, Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 50, part 5, pp. 886-892, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.06.166.
  7. V. Solovei and V. Oleksyshen, “Investigation of the physical and mechanical properties of composite materials obtained using additive technologies”, Bulletin of NTUU “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute“, Series “Chemical Engineering, Ecology and Resource Saving“, no. 1, pp. 9–21, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2021.228078.
  8. AGS-X Series Universal Electromechanical Test Frames. Available: https://www.ssi.shimadzu.com/products/universal-tensile-testing/ags-x-specifications.html.
  9. A. N. Zaydel', Elementarnyye otsenki oshibok izmereniya. Leningrad: Nauka, 1968, 96 p.
  10. A. Yu. Pedchenko, Ye. M. Panov, A. Ya. Karvatsʹkyy, S. V. Leleka and T. V. Lazaryev, Teoretychno-eksperymentalʹni doslidzhennya pechey hrafituvannya Kastnera. Kyiv: Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, 2017, 174 p. Available: http://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/20800.
  11. V. V. Solovei, A. Ya. Karvatskii, T. V. Lazarev, I. O. Mikulionok and I. V. Omelchuk, “Determination of the mechanical properties of 3d-printed polymer products by methods of structural mechanics”, Bulletin of NTUU "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Series "Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving", no. 2, pp. 16–32, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2021.235853.

Downloads

Published

2023-04-13

How to Cite

[1]
V. Solovei and A. Karvatskii, “Technology and mechanical properties of reinforced continuous fiber 3D-printed thermoplastic composite”, Mech. Adv. Technol., vol. 7, no. 1 (97), pp. 43–50, Apr. 2023.

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 1 (97) (2023)

Section

Up-to-date machines and the technologies of mechanical engineering

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Антон Карвацький, Владислав Соловей

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The ownership of copyright remains with the Authors.
 
Authors may use their own material in other publications provided that the Journal is acknowledged as the original place of publication and National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” as the Publisher.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under CC BY 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work