Biomechanics of Osteosynthesis by Titanium Miniplates of Bones of the Lower Jaw Damaged by a Fracture

Mykola Kryshchuk; Olha Musiienko; Vladyslav Malanchuk; Yaroslav Mazuryk

doi:10.20535/2521-1943.2025.9.4(107).338231

Authors

Mykola Kryshchuk National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” , Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0662-9147
Olha Musiienko National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” , Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8255-3909
Vladyslav Malanchuk Bogomolets National Medical University , Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8111-0436
Yaroslav Mazuryk Bogomolets National Medical University , Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0833

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2025.9.4(107).338231

Keywords:

biomechanics, digital twin of the lower jaw, fracture, osteosynthesis, titanium miniplate, full-scale models, experiment, stress, deformation, stiffness, ANSYS, Mimics

Abstract

The main task of osteosynthesis of jaw bones damaged by fractures is to align the fragments in an anatomically correct position and securely hold them in place for a specified period of consolidation using fixation devices. The processes that develop in bone tissue after the installation of a fixator for jaw bones damaged by a fracture significantly depend on the conditions of the force load. The stability of fixation of bones damaged by a fracture affects the course of reparative biological processes and determines each other, which must be taken into account during their osteosynthesis. To determine strategies for osteosynthesis of damaged bones with titanium miniplates with screws, mathematical models of the stress-strain state of connected heterogeneous bodies of biological origin and technological manufacture of the fixator under static loads were formed. Numerical modeling of the biomechanics of osteosynthesis of 3D digital twins of biomechanical osteosynthesis systems was performed in the ANSYS software environment, taking into account the isotropic properties of their structural elements. The patterns of influence of the design features of titanium miniplates and the conditions of their fixation on the stiffness and stress-strain state of the simulation model of the lower jaw damaged by a lateral fracture were established. Calculations of the amplitudes and stress gradients of biomechanical osteosynthesis system models in a numerical experiment helped to determine the parameters of the required stiffness and topology of the location of two types of miniplates and screws that affect the diastasis and density of interfragmentary contact of fragments in the jaw fracture area. Empirical data on the stiffness of lower jaw osteosynthesis systems with titanium miniplates were obtained from cadaver samples. The established levels of deformation of biomechanical systems natural objects in the area of fixation of bone fragments with miniplates are a decisive factor in assessing the risk of excessive displacement of fragments in the postoperative period.

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